Historical Decline in Sapanca Lake: Water Level is Sounding the Alarm

Emergency at Sapanca Lake: Water Level is Dropping

One of the prominent water sources in the Marmara Region, Sapanca Lake has seen its water level drop to 28.54 meters, reaching the lowest point in its history. This situation serves as a serious warning for Sakarya and Kocaeli.

Water Withdrawals and Effects

Normally, water levels rise during the winter and spring months, but this year they have unexpectedly decreased. Since 2023, water withdrawals of up to 15-20 meters have been observed along the lake's shores. This event has resulted in a water loss equivalent to Sakarya's annual water consumption.

Expert Opinions and Environmental Effects

Prof. Dr. Asude Ateş from Sakarya University’s Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, stated that the reasons for this decline include decreased rainfall, rising temperatures, and evaporation, emphasizing that the lake is a critical ecosystem. Approximately 185 hectometers cubed of the lake’s water budget is composed of 67.5 hectometers cubed utilized by Sakarya and 30 hectometers cubed by Kocaeli.

Pollution Problems and Traffic Effects

Ateş also addressed the traffic pollution caused by the highways surrounding the lake, stressing that this situation has adverse effects on the ecosystem.

Critical Water Level and Infrastructure Measures

The year 2023 has been recorded as the driest season in the last 65 years. Prof. Dr. Ateş noted that as the water level approaches the critical threshold of 29.4 meters, the potential for drinking water should be taken into primary consideration. She highlighted the necessity of adopting efficient methods in agricultural irrigation, such as drip irrigation.

Alternative Water Resources and Strategic Planning

To alleviate the pressure on the lake, Ateş stated that there should be a shift towards alternative water resources, pointing out the importance of Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality's Ballıkaya Dam project. It is noted that at least 2 years are required for the project to be implemented.

Ateş emphasized that water management is important not only for systems but also for individual uses, stating that water will be a strategic resource over the next 100 years and requires careful management.